Dear Reader,

If you are reading this, then you are most likely interested in finance, investments, or innovation. Or maybe you are just a random reader who was brought here by interconnected network of marketing and links in world wide web. In either case, you will be amazed by what you will see here!

Let’s begin our journey…

Most likely, you are well aware of what is Bitcoin, what are cryptocurrencies, stocks, and bonds. If so, you know very well that whatever asset is out there, or investment (even funds) – they can easily get you, or someone you know, or even the entire nations get anxious once the screens turn red and people start losing money. These cases make people go broke, families break, companies go bankrupt, people get fired, and entire nations turn into chaos!

These are not stories from nightmares or series about suddenly rich financiers, but rather are recent reality which investors expect to happen again in the near future.

But what if there would be a way to manage this risk? What if we could show you a way to ensure that you don’t lose more than you invested? What if we show you that while someone earns from Bitcoin 10% daily, you can earn 100%, or even more? And that is without leverage, and without risk of being liquidated. Intrigued? Then get ready for a journey of a thousand li!

We are glad to present you – Tranched Value Securities (TVS) [patent pending]. No – it’s not what would you expect with stablecoins, options, futures, new funds, IEO/STO/ICO/DeFi/etc., new financial pyramids and Ponzi’s…

Tranched Value Security is patented innovative financial instrument which is not available elsewhere! It allows you to split a single underlying (Bitcoin, stock, or any other asset) into multiple “independent” securities – TVSs and earn different returns from them. They are “independent” because they will still be driven by the same fundamental factors as the underlying, but due to their unique features, each TVS will earn different return. Moreover – TVS issued with your Bitcoin (for example), can have completely different returns from TVSs issued by your friend.

How does it work? Quite simple: imagine that you have one Bitcoin, assume the price is $6,000 (yes, we all wish it still would cost that ;) and you issue 2 TVSs backed by it – Senior, and Junior. Each TVS has a variable value share (VVS) of 50% of Bitcoin market price, or a fixed value share (FVS) of $3,000. So far, they are identical, right? Yes, and here innovation would stop, if would be no additional feature: for each TVS (be it Senior or Junior) to claim value of underlying Bitcoin, a higher level TVS’s claim must be satisfied first (in this case Senior is the most and only senior tranche). That means that before Junior TVS can make a claim, Senior’s must be satisfied in full first.

In such a simple setup, see below what happens: when the price of Bitcoin declines – Junior tranche loses first. However, when price starts increasing afterwards, Junior TVS is compensated by a magnified return. At the same time Senior one does not decline below its fixed value share, but still earns positive return when Bitcoin goes up.

Imagine what will happen with 3, 4, 5 or even 10 TVSs with the same underlying… You can customize the level of risk and return you are willing to accept by modifying fixed value share and variable value share, and sell the unnecessary part to someone who wants to keep that! This allows you to satisfy your most desirable wishes about investment and your financial goals. And this is the way financial system was supposed to work, but nobody fixed it, until recently!

Tranched Value Securities open a new world for anyone who has any interest or relation with money, and wants to start an infinite journey because it does not simply expand markets, it creates new markets!

We are excited to reveal some of our upcoming developments and we hope you will join us on this journey.

You can learn more about Tranched Value Securities (TVS) from our short explainer video on YouTube, or from the long-read:“Everything you wanted to know about BTC TVS but were afraid to ask!”

Bitcoin is the most known and currently widely accepted digital asset in the world. Its price can either increase or decrease by double-digit numbers every day.

Such volatility of digital assets scares common people, and puts pressure on professional traders forcing them to search for efficient ways to manage risks.

We at as.exchange have developed Tranched Value Security (patent pending) with the purpose to facilitate risk management and improve returns of underlying assets.

We have put together this guide to help all users understand the basic terms used within as.exchange, and what purpose they serve.

Tranched Value Securities (TVSs), similar to Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs), have an underlying asset that needs to be securitized in order to issue TVS. That implies that TVS will derive its market price based on the price changes of underlying asset.

Currently as.exchange supports only Bitcoin (BTC) as underlying, however, we will be launching other types of digital assets, and capital market assets for securitization soon.

Each TVS represents only a fraction of value claim on the overall underlying asset. That means that 1 TVS, can never equal 1 BTC exactly (as in that case it would be the same BTC). It cannot be greater than 1 BTC as well, as that would mean that the securitized share backed by BTC does not correspond to the actual value represented by underlying asset. Thus, 1 TVS < 1 BTC, but the sum of all TVSs issued within the conducted securitization of BTC is always exactly equals to 1.00.

Each TVS has its seniority (currently disabled in as.exchange, and order ranking used instead), based on which it can claim value of underlying asset. That means if there was to be TVS1, and TVS2, the first one would have a higher seniority, and can claim corresponding value share of underlying asset before TVS2 can claim anything. If TVS1 claim cannot be satisfied in full, TVS2 becomes worthless.

An important feature of TVS, which is dissimilar with CDOs, is its Variable Value Share (VVS), and Fixed Value Share (FVS). Each single TVS has both of them, and they can be either different or the same. Even when VVS and FVS are same, due to seniority of each value tranche, the two TVSs issued for the same BTC, will not perform in the same way. Fixed Value Share determines the minimum Dollar (USD) value that the particular TVS can claim (if underlying price doesn’t drop lower than that). Variable Value Share represents the value share (represented in percentage terms) that the particular TVS can claim. That means TVS1 with VVS 50%, and FVS $50, can claim either $50 (if underlying value is not less than that), or 50% of market value of underlying (if it’s more than $50). And if TVS2 (more junior) also was issued with VVS 50%, and FVS $50, and underlying value changes from $100 to $120, each of them can claim 50% of it, and receive $60. However, if underlying declines to $90, TVS1 will reasonably claim $50, instead of 50% of $90, and the TVS2 will not be able to claim $50, but only the leftover $40. With the consequent underlying asset price changes the returns generated by each value share get magnified, and even when BTC increased by 5% only, Junior value tranches can earn 50%, or even more, without any leverage.

Due to FVS, VVS and seniority features the Tranched Value Securities, backed by the same underlying assets perform drastically different even in markets with minor volatility, as they can significantly magnify returns.

With the FVS and VVS parameters, Attachment Point (AP) and Detachment Point (DP) can be calculated to give a better idea of potential risks of the particular value tranche. The AP provides an indication by how much the underlying asset needs to decline, in order for this particular TVS to start losing in value. Thus, AP of 10%, means that if BTC declines by anything less than 10%, other value thanches lose, but not the present one, which will start losing with anything over 10% underlying price decline. The DP on another hand, is an indication by how much underlying needs to decline in order to completely wipe out the value of the current TVS. Value tranche with 100% would be the safest ones, as they imply that BTC needs to be priced at $0.00 in order for this TVS to lose all value, while TVS with DP of 1% would be the riskiest ones, showing that even 1% decline in underlying price, will wipe out all its value.

Due to the importance of the above parameters, they are displayed by default for all market offers that are visible on the OTC market.

In addition to that, a price chart and 7day implied return are displayed. While if TVS was issued today, it’s not possible to have actual price 7 days ago, therefore, the price is extrapolated based on TVS parameters, which is indicated on the chart area, where the green area represents an implied price, and the purple area represents the price after the TVS issuance.

Apart from the above, the regular features of each offer are displayed on OTC market, such as the seller’s name, supported payment methods, and the price the seller had set for the offer.

The same features are displayed when any particular offer is chosen, to confirm the details of the offer.

We tried our best to explain the basic features each trade of Tranched Value Securities on as.exchange has. Furthermore, you can follow our YouTube channel, as we will publish useful videos every week about how you can manage your risks, earn more, and get the best experience of the true financial innovation:

We are continually improving your trading experience, and will soon be introducing more features.

Stay tuned, and please do let us know what additional features you would love to see on as.exchange.

Recently Bitcoin celebrated its tenth anniversary, yet still many people don’t know how to buy it safely, and store. Most of the beginners are worried (for a good reason) that their Bitcoin can be stolen, or that they will be scammed and even will not receive a Bitcoin.

With many shady exchanges, services, individual traders and sellers around, users need to know that they are purchasing their Bitcoin from a trustworthy source, and that the first purchase will be a pleasant experience for them, rather than losing all money and forever abandoning the “Digital Gold”.

We have put together this guide to help all users around the world to avoid those scam exchanges, and ensure you do know where to buy BTC in the most reliable way.

Please be advised, this guide focuses entirely on spot Bitcoin purchase, therefore, it will not cover how to get BTC exposure via derivatives (such as futures, options, swaps, Tranched Value Securities (patent pending)) or other means.

The order of Bitcoin purchase options below represents the order of safety starting from the most unsafe options and ending with the safest ones.

If you have a friend who happens to own Bitcoin, you might easily purchase it from him. While such option will be the most flexible for you, as you can negotiate the terms and price easily, can pay in cash or any other suitable way, it might happen to be the most dangerous option. If this person is not someone you know very well, he or she can receive your payment and never send you the Bitcoin you bought.

Sometimes, even worse, your friend might happen to be a tech savvy guy, and might know how "double-spending" works, and while your pending transaction would appear on the blockchain, you would never actually receive the Bitcoin.

Furthermore, your friend knowing that it’s your first ever BTC-deal, will surely try to get the best possible price for himself (just a part of regular human nature), and therefore, you will not get the actual market price for it, meaning that Bitcoin will need to increase few precents extra in the market in order for you to earn anything.

Pros: most flexible option, unlimited trading amount
Cons: your friend might steal your money; potentially highest fees, spread and price
Example: any of your crypto savvy friends :)

This option is usually suitable for someone who already knows a good deal about crypto currencies. Otherwise, you wouldn’t know how to connect own wallet to the exchange and to execute a trade.

The above implies that most likely you need to already have some kind of crypto currency in order to exchange it into the Bitcoin, or any other type of digital asset, therefore, this option is usually not suitable for newbies in crypto area.

On top of the above, most of the DeFi (Decentralized Finance) exchanges are developed by inexperienced teams or individuals, which leads to significant number of code flaws and subsequent hacks, when you completely lose all your money and have no central party to be held responsible for that. Yet, such option has its own benefits, and some people like the DeFi exchange concept simply for anonymous exchange feature, and for the iddea of “no central party” (which is wrong actually).

Pros: lowest fees, anonymous, not controlled by anyone, unlimited trading amount
Cons: poorly coded exchange protocol, least flexible option, need to have crypto to buy crypto
Example:

	Uniswap
	1inch
	Balancer

OTC trades are among the most prominent, yet shady area. From one side you have a great deal of transaction flexibility where you are able to negotiate the specific trade terms with the potential seller, while from another side you always have a chance to encounter a scammer that knows how “triangular trade” works (where party A engages party B to buy Bitcoin, while trading with party C to actually sell the Bitcoin, which makes the central party receive the Bitcoins, and others lose money and their crypto currency).

Due to that, in OTC trades it is important to verify that you don’t trade with the first-time user (potentially a new account of experienced scammer), and that the counter-party has many positive reviews and trade history. On top of that, in certain countries, banks started implementing policies against OTC traders where they block bank accounts of the engaged parties for several years.

Pros: flexible option, yet not as much as buying directly from a friend, unlimited trading amount
Cons: experienced scammers, high spreads, banks’ anti-crypto policies
Example:

	LocalBitcoins
	CoinCola
	LocalCoinSwap

Centralized Bitcoin exchanges are currently the largest ones in the world with the deepest liquidity pools. Often times the reliable exchange will guarantee you that if someone hacks the exchange, they will compensate you in full. Therefore, such option usually provides to be the safest one and the most reliable one.

However, with such exchanges you need to go through comprehensive KYC (Know-Your-Customer) policies, and need to prove the legitimacy of you capital. Therefore, with the reliable exchanges you cannot expect anonymity, and can expect higher than regular trading fees, as a payment for your capital safety. Furthermore, usually only here you can safely use common payment methods, such as card payments (Visa, MasterCard, UnionPay), e-transfers (PayPal, MoneyGram, etc.) and other commonly known by the most people. Furthermore, such exchanges have strict regulations on what assets they list for trading, therefore, you are very unlikely to find some crypto currency or token available for trading that is lower than top50 by market capitalization. Last, but not the least, such option is mostly accessible by people from the developed world or from crypto-friendly states, but is out of reach for the rest of the world for now.

Pros: safest option if purchasing from reliable exchange, exchange will be responsible for your losses, sometimes limited trading amount
Cons: not flexible at all, might have high transaction fees, comprehensive KYC, mostly not available in developing world
Example:

	Coinbase
	Binance
	Huobi

This option is something new to most of the people even from crypto area, yet the first Bitcoin ATM was opened in Vancouver, Canada back in 2013. As of November 2020, there are over 12,100 Bitcoin ATMs across the globe. Such ATMs work in the similar manner with the regular ATMs which most of the people had ever used in their life, yet BTC ATMs will have several additional steps of verification, such as SMS verification, and the need to use BTC wallet pre-installed on the mobile phone.

With Bitcoin ATMs it’s virtually impossible to steal your potential crypto asset, yet this comes at a cost of highest fees, inconvenience, requirement of physical presence, and complete absence of anonymity.

Pros: safest option, limited trading amount
Cons: highest transaction fees, completely inflexible, hard to find BTC ATM in certain countries, user unfriendly
Example: Full list of BTC ATMs in the world here: https://coinatmradar.com/

We tried our best to present you with the major ways of buying Bitcoin. While some of you might want to buy other crypto currency, such as Ethereum (ETH), Litecoin (LTC), Ripple (XRP), or others, in most of the cases for now, the only single getaway to buy those is throw exchanging Bitcoin (BTC) to them. Therefore, it is essential for everyone to know their available options of purchasing the core asset to move on to the next step in crypto, in consideration of available risks, and benefits.